Remiod: Reference-based Controlled Multiple Imputation of Longitudinal Binary and Ordinal Outcomes with non-ignorable missingness
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Missing data on response variables are common in clinical studies. Corresponding to the uncertainty of missing mechanism, theoretical frameworks on controlled imputation have been developed. In practice, it is recommended to conduct a statistically valid analysis under the primary assumptions on missing data, followed by sensitivity analysis under alternative assumptions to assess the robustness of results. Due to the availability of software, controlled multiple imputation (MI) procedures, including delta-based and reference-based approaches, have become popular for analyzing continuous variables under missing-not-at-random assumptions. Similar tools, however, still limit application of these methods to categorical data. In this paper, we introduce the R package remiod, which utilizes the Bayesian framework to perform imputation in regression models on binary and ordinal outcomes. Following outlining theoretical backgrounds, usage and features of remiod are described and illustrated using examples.
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