Interpretable Machine Learning – A Brief History, State-of-the-Art and Challenges

10/19/2020
by   Christoph Molnar, et al.
79

We present a brief history of the field of interpretable machine learning (IML), give an overview of state-of-the-art interpretation methods, and discuss challenges. Research in IML has boomed in recent years. As young as the field is, it has over 200 years old roots in regression modeling and rule-based machine learning, starting in the 1960s. Recently, many new IML methods have been proposed, many of them model-agnostic, but also interpretation techniques specific to deep learning and tree-based ensembles. IML methods either directly analyze model components, study sensitivity to input perturbations, or analyze local or global surrogate approximations of the ML model. The field approaches a state of readiness and stability, with many methods not only proposed in research, but also implemented in open-source software. But many important challenges remain for IML, such as dealing with dependent features, causal interpretation, and uncertainty estimation, which need to be resolved for its successful application to scientific problems. A further challenge is a missing rigorous definition of interpretability, which is accepted by the community. To address the challenges and advance the field, we urge to recall our roots of interpretable, data-driven modeling in statistics and (rule-based) ML, but also to consider other areas such as sensitivity analysis, causal inference, and the social sciences.

READ FULL TEXT

page 1

page 2

page 3

page 4

research
03/20/2021

Interpretable Machine Learning: Fundamental Principles and 10 Grand Challenges

Interpretability in machine learning (ML) is crucial for high stakes dec...
research
06/27/2020

Causality Learning: A New Perspective for Interpretable Machine Learning

Recent years have witnessed the rapid growth of machine learning in a wi...
research
01/27/2020

Interpreting Machine Learning Malware Detectors Which Leverage N-gram Analysis

In cyberattack detection and prevention systems, cybersecurity analysts ...
research
10/18/2022

Vision Paper: Causal Inference for Interpretable and Robust Machine Learning in Mobility Analysis

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing many areas of our lives,...
research
03/17/2020

Toward Interpretable Machine Learning: Transparent Deep Neural Networks and Beyond

With the broader and highly successful usage of machine learning in indu...
research
02/14/2019

Tractography and machine learning: Current state and open challenges

Supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms have recently been proposed ...
research
01/12/2023

Inaccessible Neural Language Models Could Reinvigorate Linguistic Nativism

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been making big waves in the machine l...

Please sign up or login with your details

Forgot password? Click here to reset