Fast-Replanning Motion Control with Short-Term Aborting A*
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Autonomously driving vehicles must be able to navigate in dynamic and unpredictable environments in a collision-free manner. So far, this has only been partially achieved in driverless cars and warehouse installations where marked structures such as roads, lanes, and traffic signs simplify the motion planning and collision avoidance problem. We are presenting a new control framework for car-like vehicles that is suitable for virtually any environment. It is based on an unprecedentedly fast-paced A* implementation that allows the control cycle to run at a frequency of 33 Hz. Due to an efficient heuristic consisting of rotate-translate-rotate motions laid out along the shortest path to the target, our Short Term Aborting A* (STAA*) can be aborted early in order to maintain a high and steady control rate. This enables us to place our STAA* algorithm as a low-level replanning controller that is well suited for navigation and collision avoidance in dynamic environments. While our STAA* expands states along the shortest path, it takes care of collision checking with the environment including predicted future states of moving obstacles, and returns the best solution found when the computation time runs out. Despite the bounded computation time, our STAA* does not get trapped in environmental minima due to the following of the shortest path. In simulated experiments, we demonstrate that our control approach is superior to an improved version of the Dynamic Window Approach with predictive collision avoidance capabilities.
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