The Big-O Problem for Max-Plus Automata is Decidable (PSPACE-Complete)
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We show that the big-O problem for max-plus automata is decidable and PSPACE-complete. The big-O (or affine domination) problem asks whether, given two max-plus automata computing functions f and g, there exists a constant c such that f < cg+ c. This is a relaxation of the containment problem asking whether f < g, which is undecidable. Our decidability result uses Simon's forest factorisation theorem, and relies on detecting specific elements, that we call witnesses, in a finite semigroup closed under two special operations: stabilisation and flattening.
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