Robust Multi-Agent Bandits Over Undirected Graphs
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We consider a multi-agent multi-armed bandit setting in which n honest agents collaborate over a network to minimize regret but m malicious agents can disrupt learning arbitrarily. Assuming the network is the complete graph, existing algorithms incur O( (m + K/n) log (T) / Δ ) regret in this setting, where K is the number of arms and Δ is the arm gap. For m ≪ K, this improves over the single-agent baseline regret of O(Klog(T)/Δ). In this work, we show the situation is murkier beyond the case of a complete graph. In particular, we prove that if the state-of-the-art algorithm is used on the undirected line graph, honest agents can suffer (nearly) linear regret until time is doubly exponential in K and n. In light of this negative result, we propose a new algorithm for which the i-th agent has regret O( ( d_mal(i) + K/n) log(T)/Δ) on any connected and undirected graph, where d_mal(i) is the number of i's neighbors who are malicious. Thus, we generalize existing regret bounds beyond the complete graph (where d_mal(i) = m), and show the effect of malicious agents is entirely local (in the sense that only the d_mal(i) malicious agents directly connected to i affect its long-term regret).
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