Optimal Network Control in Partially-Controllable Networks
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The effectiveness of many optimal network control algorithms (e.g., BackPressure) relies on the premise that all of the nodes are fully controllable. However, these algorithms may yield poor performance in a partially-controllable network where a subset of nodes are uncontrollable and use some unknown policy. Such a partially-controllable model is of increasing importance in real-world networked systems such as overlay-underlay networks. In this paper, we design optimal network control algorithms that can stabilize a partially-controllable network. We first study the scenario where uncontrollable nodes use a queue-agnostic policy, and propose a low-complexity throughput-optimal algorithm, called Tracking-MaxWeight (TMW), which enhances the original MaxWeight algorithm with an explicit learning of the policy used by uncontrollable nodes. Next, we investigate the scenario where uncontrollable nodes use a queue-dependent policy and the problem is formulated as an MDP with unknown queueing dynamics. We propose a new reinforcement learning algorithm, called Truncated Upper Confidence Reinforcement Learning (TUCRL), and prove that TUCRL achieves tunable three-way tradeoffs between throughput, delay and convergence rate.
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