Methodological considerations for novel approaches to covariate-adjusted indirect treatment comparisons

05/15/2023

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by   Antonio Remiro-Azócar, et al.

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We examine four important considerations in the development of covariate adjustment methodologies for indirect treatment comparisons. Firstly, we consider potential advantages of weighting versus outcome modeling, placing focus on bias-robustness. Secondly, we outline why model-based extrapolation may be required and useful, in the specific context of indirect treatment comparisons with limited overlap. Thirdly, we describe challenges for covariate adjustment based on data-adaptive outcome modeling. Finally, we offer further perspectives on the promise of doubly-robust covariate adjustment frameworks.