Game-theoretic Understanding of Adversarially Learned Features

03/12/2021

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by   Jie Ren, et al.

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This paper aims to understand adversarial attacks and defense from a new perspecitve, i.e., the signal-processing behavior of DNNs. We novelly define the multi-order interaction in game theory, which satisfies six properties. With the multi-order interaction, we discover that adversarial attacks mainly affect high-order interactions to fool the DNN. Furthermore, we find that the robustness of adversarially trained DNNs comes from category-specific low-order interactions. Our findings provide more insights into and make a revision of previous understanding for the shape bias of adversarially learned features. Besides, the multi-order interaction can also explain the recoverability of adversarial examples.