Energy Concerns with HPC Systems and Applications
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For various reasons including those related to climate changes, energy has become a critical concern in all relevant activities and technical designs. For the specific case of computer activities, the problem is exacerbated with the emergence and pervasiveness of the so called intelligent devices. From the application side, we point out the special topic of Artificial Intelligence, who clearly needs an efficient computing support in order to succeed in its purpose of being a ubiquitous assistant. There are mainly two contexts where energy is one of the top priority concerns: embedded computing and supercomputing. For the former, power consumption is critical because the amount of energy that is available for the devices is limited. For the latter, the heat dissipated is a serious source of failure and the financial cost related to energy is likely to be a significant part of the maintenance budget. On a single computer, the problem is commonly considered through the electrical power consumption. This paper, written in the form of a survey, we depict the landscape of energy concerns in computer activities, both from the hardware and the software standpoints.
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